Immersive language education will need reforming and ring-fencing according to providers and agents, in order to ensure the longterm viability of the sector.

Languages Canada has proposed an initiative to bring 40,000 students into the country to learn languages, while a report details a decline in enrolment in 2019.

Several Hong Kong universities have launched schemes so that local students unable to go abroad can study with them and later transfer overseas.

Australian offshore student visa application numbers dropped by 33.5% in the 2019-2020 financial year compared to the previous year, with an 88% drop in applications in May alone.

Some 50% of US higher education institutions that took part in an IIE survey have reported that international student application numbers are lower than in previous years, 18% said they saw a “substantial decline”.

Two new reports researched six months apart contrast the positive picture of UK ELT in 2019 with the shocking impact of Covid-19 just months later.

As part of a long-term strategic recovery plan, the government of New Zealand will inject $51.6 million into the country's international education sector.

Immigration and Customs Enforcement has confirmed that newly enrolled international students on fully online courses will "likely not be able to obtain" F-1 or M-1 visas, to the dismay of many in the sector.