In the 2020-21 academic year, England's higher education providers anticipate non-EU tuition fee income to fall 10.4%, according to the Office for Students.

International students are happy they commenced studies in the UK this year, while OfS has noted the "impressive speed" England's providers shifted to online teaching, but flagged concerns about anti-Asian harassment in particular.

The UK's Office for Students is considering whether its regulation should specifically consider the experience of international students due to their “significance to the UK's university sector”.