The Chinese government has moved management of its overseas Confucius Institutes to an NGO to lessen the suspicion the centres have attracted over the last few years.

While South American agencies think Brexit could boost UK-bound business because of the cheaper pound, a major Indian agent has signalled safety concerns impacting the market and in the EU, restricting access to loan funding is the big issue.

After a tough summer of economic drops in key student markets and heavy discounting, discussions at the ICEF Berlin workshop this month were dominated by serious concerns from ELT operators about the next 12 months.